Détérioration Cognitive Légère DCL (Mild Cognitive Impairment MCI)
Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) criteria for the study (see below) described are:
Evaluations of the patients included in the study involved a clinical examination, CT or MRI brain imaging, standard blood tests, and neuropsychological testing. Testing was repeated every 12 to 18 months for four years.
Individuals with MCI showed memory impairment compared with normal controls, but lacked the cognitive deficits of patients with Alzheimer's Disease (AD). During follow-up, MCI patients developed AD at the rate of 12% yearly, greatly exceeding the 1% to 2% incidence in normal controls. The average deterioration of the MCI patients was less than that of the AD patients.
Many have long sought to define a group of patients intermediate between normal aged individuals (normal memory and cognitive decline in the elderly) and AD patients. This study confirms the existence of such a group.
The difficulty here is that this group may contain some people who are normal with lower functioning memory who are not likely to progress to AD, and patients who already are in the early stages of AD. Consequently, more study of MCI and its symptomatology needs more study in order to reduce the wide variability in the reported risk of MCI progressing to AD.
Petersen RC., Ivnik RJ., Kokmen E, Tangalos E., Smith GE., Waring SC., Mild cognitive impairment: clinical characterization and outcome. Archives of Neurology 1999;56: 303-308.
Petersen RC, et al. Aging, Memory and Mild Cognitive Impairment. Int Psychogeriatr 1997; 9(Suppl 1): 65–69.
Peterson Ronald C, Mild Cognitive Impairment or Questionable Dementia? Archives of Neurology 2000; 57(4)
Petersen Ronald C, MD, PhD; Rachelle Doody, MD, PhD; Alexander Kurz, MD; Richard
C. Mohs, PhD; John C. Morris, MD; Peter V. Rabins, MD; Karen Ritchie, MPsych,
PhD; Martin Rossor, MA, MDFRCP; Leon Thal, MD; Bengt Winblad, MD, Current Concepts
in Mild Cognitive Impairment, Arch Neurol. 2001;58:1985-1992
Petersen Ronald C editor, Mayo clinic and medicl school, Mild Cognitive Impairment, Aging to Alzheimer's Disease, 288 pp.; 28 line illus & 3 halftones; 6-1/8 x 9-1/4; 0-19-512342-5, OUP Oxford university press 2003
Morris JC, Storandt M, Miller JP, McKeel DW, Price JL, Rubin EH, Berg L. Mild Cognitive Impairment Represents Early-Stage Alzheimer Disease. Arch Neurol. 2001;58(3):397-405.
Morris JC, Goldman WP, Price JL, Storandt M, Grant EA, McKeel DW Jr, Rubin EH, Absence of cognitive impairment or decline in preclinical Alzheimer's disease. Neurology. 2001; 56(3):361-7.
Morris JC, Price JL. Pathologic correlates of nondemented aging, mild cognitive impairment, and early stage Alzheimer's disease. J Mol Neurosci. 2001; 17:2:101-118..
Morris JC, Logan JM, Sanders AL, Snyder AZ, Buckner RL. Under-recruitment and non-selective recruitment: Dissociable neural mechanisms associated with cognitive decline in older adults. Neuron. 2002; 33:827-840.
Morris JC, Storandt M, Grant EA, Miller PJ, Rates of progression in mild cognitive impairment and early Alzheimer disease. Neurology. 2002; 59:1034-1041.
Morris JC, Csernansky JG, Miller JP, McKeel D, Relationships among CSF biomarkers
in dementia of the Alzheimer type. Alzheimer Disease and Associated Disorders.
2002; 16:3:114-149.